3.6. Sequence GetItem

3.6.1. Rationale

  • Index must int (positive, negative or zero)

  • Index must be less or equal to length of object

  • Negative index starts from the end and go right to left

3.6.2. Positive Index

data = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']

data[0]             # 'a'
data[1]             # 'b'
data[2]             # 'c'

3.6.3. Negative Index

data = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']

data[-0]            # 'a'
data[-1]            # 'd'
data[-2]            # 'c'

3.6.4. Out of Range

Listing 3.20. Accessing not existing element
data = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']

data[100]           # IndexError: string index out of range
data[-100]          # IndexError: string index out of range

3.6.5. Ordered Sequence

Listing 3.21. GetItem from str
data = 'abcd'

data[0]             # 'a'
data[1]             # 'b'
data[2]             # 'c'

data[-0]            # 'a'
data[-1]            # 'd'
data[-2]            # 'c'
Listing 3.22. GetItem from list
data = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']

data[0]             # 'a'
data[1]             # 'b'
data[2]             # 'c'

data[-0]            # 'a'
data[-1]            # 'd'
data[-2]            # 'c'
Listing 3.23. GetItem from tuple
data = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd')

data[0]             # 'a'
data[1]             # 'b'
data[2]             # 'c'

data[-0]            # 'a'
data[-1]            # 'd'
data[-2]            # 'c'

3.6.6. Unordered Sequence

Listing 3.24. GetItem from set is impossible. set is unordered data structure.
data = {'a', 'b', 'c', 'd'}

data[0]             # TypeError: 'set' object is not subscriptable
data[1]             # TypeError: 'set' object is not subscriptable
data[2]             # TypeError: 'set' object is not subscriptable

data[-0]            # TypeError: 'set' object is not subscriptable
data[-1]            # TypeError: 'set' object is not subscriptable
data[-2]            # TypeError: 'set' object is not subscriptable
Listing 3.25. GetItem from frozenset is impossible. frozenset is unordered data structure.
data = frozenset({'a', 'b', 'c', 'd'})

data[0]             # TypeError: 'frozenset' object is not subscriptable
data[1]             # TypeError: 'frozenset' object is not subscriptable
data[2]             # TypeError: 'frozenset' object is not subscriptable

data[-0]            # TypeError: 'frozenset' object is not subscriptable
data[-1]            # TypeError: 'frozenset' object is not subscriptable
data[-2]            # TypeError: 'frozenset' object is not subscriptable

3.6.7. Assignments

3.6.7.1. Sequence GetItem Select

  • Assignment name: Sequence GetItem Select

  • Last update: 2020-10-01

  • Complexity level: easy

  • Lines of code to write: 6 lines

  • Estimated time of completion: 8 min

  • Solution: solution/sequence_getitem_select.py

English

  1. Use data from "Input" section (see below)

  2. Write header (row with index 0) to header: tuple variable

  3. Create result: list

  4. Select row at index 5, convert it to list and add to result

  5. Select row at index 10, convert it to tuple and add to result

  6. Select row at index -10, convert it to set and add to result

  7. Select row at index -5, convert it to frozenset and add to result

  8. Append to result: empty list, empty tuple, empty set and empty frozenset

  9. Use only indexes and do not use for, while or slice()

  10. Compare result with "Output" section (see below)

Polish

  1. Użyj danych z sekcji "Input" (patrz poniżej)

  2. Zapisz nagłówek (wiersz o indeksie 0) do zmiennej header: tuple

  3. Stwórz result: list

  4. Wybierz wiersz o indeksie 5, przekonwertuj go do list i dodaj do result

  5. Wybierz wiersz o indeksie 10, przekonwertuj go do tuple i dodaj do result

  6. Wybierz wiersz o indeksie -10, przekonwertuj go do set i dodaj do result

  7. Wybierz wiersz o indeksie -5, przekonwertuj go do frozenset i dodaj do result

  8. Dodaj na koniec result: pustą list, pustą tuple, pusty set, pusty frozenset

  9. Korzystaj tylko z indeksów i nie używaj for, while lub slice()

  10. Porównaj wyniki z sekcją "Output" (patrz poniżej)

Input
DATA = [
    ('Sepal length', 'Sepal width', 'Petal length', 'Petal width', 'Species'),
    (5.8, 2.7, 5.1, 1.9, 'virginica'),
    (5.1, 3.5, 1.4, 0.2, 'setosa'),
    (5.7, 2.8, 4.1, 1.3, 'versicolor'),
    (6.3, 2.9, 5.6, 1.8, 'virginica'),
    (6.4, 3.2, 4.5, 1.5, 'versicolor'),
    (4.7, 3.2, 1.3, 0.2, 'setosa'),
    (7.0, 3.2, 4.7, 1.4, 'versicolor'),
    (7.6, 3.0, 6.6, 2.1, 'virginica'),
    (4.9, 3.0, 1.4, 0.2, 'setosa'),
    (4.9, 2.5, 4.5, 1.7, 'virginica'),
    (7.1, 3.0, 5.9, 2.1, 'virginica'),
    (4.6, 3.4, 1.4, 0.3, 'setosa'),
    (5.4, 3.9, 1.7, 0.4, 'setosa'),
    (5.7, 2.8, 4.5, 1.3, 'versicolor'),
    (5.0, 3.6, 1.4, 0.3, 'setosa'),
    (5.5, 2.3, 4.0, 1.3, 'versicolor'),
    (6.5, 3.0, 5.8, 2.2, 'virginica'),
    (6.5, 2.8, 4.6, 1.5, 'versicolor'),
    (6.3, 3.3, 6.0, 2.5, 'virginica'),
    (6.9, 3.1, 4.9, 1.5, 'versicolor'),
    (4.6, 3.1, 1.5, 0.2, 'setosa'),
]
Output
header: tuple
# ('Sepal length', 'Sepal width', 'Petal length', 'Petal width', 'Species')

result: list
# [[6.4, 3.2, 4.5, 1.5, 'versicolor'],
#  (4.9, 2.5, 4.5, 1.7, 'virginica'),
#  {0.3, 1.4, 3.4, 4.6, 'setosa'},
#  frozenset({2.2, 3.0, 5.8, 6.5, 'virginica'}),
#  [],
#  (),
#  set(),
#  frozenset()]
The whys and wherefores

  • Using nested data structures

  • Using indexes

  • Type casting

Hints

  • from pprint import pprint

  • pprint(result)