2.3. Datetime Time Deltas

2.3.1. Timedelta object

Shifting datetime objects:

from datetime import datetime


gagarin = datetime(1961, 4, 12, 6, 7)
armstrong = datetime(1969, 7, 21, 2, 56, 15)

between_dates = armstrong - gagarin

str(between_dates)                  # '3021 days, 20:49:15'
between_dates                       # datetime.timedelta(days=3021, seconds=74955)
between_dates.days                  # 3021
between_dates.seconds               # 74955
between_dates.total_seconds()       # 261089355.0 (days * seconds per day + seconds)

2.3.2. Time Shift

2.3.3. Simple Shifts

Simple timedelta shifts:

from datetime import timedelta, datetime


gagarin = datetime(1961, 4, 12)

gagarin - timedelta(minutes=15)
# datetime.datetime(1961, 4, 11, 23, 45)

gagarin + timedelta(minutes=10)
# datetime.datetime(1961, 4, 12, 0, 10)

Simple timedelta shifts:

from datetime import timedelta, datetime


armstrong = datetime(1969, 7, 21, 2, 56, 15)

armstrong - timedelta(hours=21)
# datetime.datetime(1969, 7, 20, 5, 56, 15)

armstrong + timedelta(hours=5)
# datetime.datetime(1969, 7, 21, 7, 56, 15)

Simple timedelta shifts:

from datetime import timedelta, date


sputnik = date(1957, 10, 4)

sputnik + timedelta(days=5)
# datetime.date(1957, 10, 9)

sputnik - timedelta(days=3)
# datetime.date(1957, 10, 1)

Simple timedelta shifts:

from datetime import datetime, timedelta


gagarin = datetime(1961, 4, 12)

gagarin + timedelta(weeks=2)
# datetime.datetime(1961, 4, 26, 0, 0)

gagarin - timedelta(weeks=3)
# datetime.datetime(1961, 3, 22, 0, 0)

2.3.4. Complex Shifts

Complex timedelta shifts:

from datetime import timedelta, datetime


armstrong = datetime(1969, 7, 21, 2, 56, 15)

armstrong - timedelta(days=2, hours=21)
# datetime.datetime(1969, 7, 18, 5, 56, 15)

Complex timedelta shifts:

from datetime import timedelta, datetime


armstrong = datetime(1969, 7, 21, 2, 56, 15)

duration = timedelta(
    weeks=3,
    days=2,
    hours=21,
    minutes=5,
    seconds=12,
    milliseconds=10,
    microseconds=55)
# datetime.timedelta(days=23, seconds=75912, microseconds=10055)

between_dates = armstrong - duration
# datetime.datetime(1969, 6, 27, 5, 51, 2, 989945)

2.3.5. Month Shifts

Subtract month from datetime:

from datetime import timedelta, date


MONTH = timedelta(days=30.436875)

gagarin = date(1961, 4, 12)
gagarin - MONTH
# datetime.date(1961, 3, 13)

Subtract month from datetime:

from calendar import monthlen
from datetime import timedelta, date


def month_before(dt):
    MONTH = monthlen(dt.year, dt.month)
    return dt - timedelta(days=MONTH)


gagarin = date(1961, 4, 12)
month_before(gagarin)
# datetime.date(1961, 3, 13)

2.3.6. Duration

Duration between two datetimes:

from datetime import datetime

SECOND = 1
MINUTE = 60 * SECOND
HOUR = 60 * MINUTE
DAY = 24 * HOUR
MONTH = 30.436875 * DAY  # Average days a month in solar calendar
YEAR = 365.2425 * DAY  # Solar calendar

def duration(dt):
    years, seconds = divmod(dt.total_seconds(), YEAR)
    months, seconds = divmod(seconds, MONTH)
    days, seconds = divmod(seconds, DAY)
    hours, seconds = divmod(dt.seconds, HOUR)
    minutes, seconds = divmod(seconds, MINUTE)

    return {
        'years': int(years),
        'months': int(months),
        'days': int(days),
        'hours': int(hours),
        'minutes': int(minutes),
        'seconds': int(seconds),
    }


gagarin = datetime(1961, 4, 12, 6, 7)
armstrong = datetime(1969, 7, 21, 2, 56, 15)

dt = armstrong - gagarin
# datetime.timedelta(days=3021, seconds=74955)

duration(dt)
# {'years': 8, 'months': 3, 'days': 8, 'hours': 20, 'minutes': 49, 'seconds': 15}

2.3.7. Assignments

Code 2.31. Solution

"""
* Assignment: Datetime Timedelta Period
* Complexity: easy
* Lines of code: 15 lines
* Time: 13 min

English:
    1. Use data from "Given" section (see below)
    2. Given period is the time between Gagarin launch and Armstrong first step on the Moon
    3. Assume:
        a. year = 365.2425 days
        * month = 30.436875 days
    4. From current date subtract this period
    5. Print calculated date
    6. How old were you at the given moment?

Polish:
    1. Użyj danych z sekcji "Given" (patrz poniżej)
    2. Podany jest czas, który upłynął między startem Gagarina a pierwszym krokiem Armstronga na Księżycu
    3. Uwzględnij założenie:
        a. rok = 365.2425 dni
        * miesiąc = 30.436875 dni
    4. Od obecnej chwili odejmij ten czas
    5. Wyświetl wyliczoną datę
    6. Ile miałeś wtedy lat?

Given:
    * 8 years
    * 3 months
    * 8 days
    * 20 hours
    * 49 minutes
    * 15 seconds

Tests:
    # This will change every second
    >>> result
    {'years': 42,
     'months': 7,
     'days': 28,
     'hours': 7,
     'minutes': 54,
     'seconds': 46}
"""


# Given
from datetime import datetime, timedelta


SECOND = 1
MINUTE = 60 * SECOND
HOUR = 60 * MINUTE
DAY = 24 * HOUR

MONTH = 30.436875 * DAY
YEAR = 365.2425 * DAY


shift = int(8*YEAR + 3*MONTH + 9*DAY + 49*MINUTE + 15*SECOND)
birthday = datetime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0)