5.1. Date and Time Types

5.1.1. SetUp

>>> import pandas as pd

5.1.2. Timestamp

  • subclass of datetime.datetime

  • Timezone naive or aware

  • More information in Date and Time Timezones

>>> pd.Timestamp('1961-04-12')
Timestamp('1961-04-12 00:00:00')

>>> pd.Timestamp('1961-04-12T06:07:00')
Timestamp('1961-04-12 06:07:00')

>>> pd.Timestamp('1961-04-12 6:07')
Timestamp('1961-04-12 06:07:00')

>>> pd.Timestamp('12/4/1969')
Timestamp('1969-12-04 00:00:00')

>>> pd.Timestamp('12/4/1969, 6:07')
Timestamp('1969-12-04 06:07:00')

>>> pd.Timestamp('12/4/1969, 6:07 pm')
Timestamp('1969-12-04 18:07:00')

2016-12-31 23:59:60 is a valid date (UTC leap second):

>>> pd.Timestamp('2016-12-31 23:59:60')
Traceback (most recent call last):
ValueError: could not convert string to Timestamp

5.1.3. Period

  • More information in Date and Time Frequency

>>> apollo11 = pd.Period('1969-07-16', '9D')
>>>
>>> apollo11.start_time
Timestamp('1969-07-16 00:00:00')
>>>
>>> apollo11.end_time
Timestamp('1969-07-24 23:59:59.999999999')

5.1.4. Days in a row

  • More information in Date and Time Frequency

>>> pd.date_range('1970-01-01', periods=3, freq='D')
DatetimeIndex(['1970-01-01', '1970-01-02', '1970-01-03'], dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='D')

>>> pd.date_range('1970-01-01', periods=3, freq='M')
DatetimeIndex(['1970-01-31', '1970-02-28', '1970-03-31'], dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='M')

>>> pd.date_range('1970-01-01', periods=3, freq='Y')
DatetimeIndex(['1970-12-31', '1971-12-31', '1972-12-31'], dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='A-DEC')

5.1.5. Days between

>>> pd.date_range(start='1969-07-16', end='1969-07-21', freq='D')
DatetimeIndex(['1969-07-16', '1969-07-17', '1969-07-18', '1969-07-19',
               '1969-07-20', '1969-07-21'],
              dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='D')

5.1.6. Attributes

  • More information in Date and Time Frequency

>>> space_race = pd.date_range(start='1961-04-12', end='1969-07-21', freq='D')
>>>
>>> space_race.freq
<Day>
>>>
>>> space_race.dtype
dtype('<M8[ns]')
>>>
>>> space_race.shape
(3023,)
>>>
>>> space_race.ndim
1
>>>
>>> len(space_race)
3023
>>>
>>> space_race.array
<DatetimeArray>
['1961-04-12 00:00:00', '1961-04-13 00:00:00', '1961-04-14 00:00:00',
 '1961-04-15 00:00:00', '1961-04-16 00:00:00', '1961-04-17 00:00:00',
 '1961-04-18 00:00:00', '1961-04-19 00:00:00', '1961-04-20 00:00:00',
 '1961-04-21 00:00:00',
 ...
 '1969-07-12 00:00:00', '1969-07-13 00:00:00', '1969-07-14 00:00:00',
 '1969-07-15 00:00:00', '1969-07-16 00:00:00', '1969-07-17 00:00:00',
 '1969-07-18 00:00:00', '1969-07-19 00:00:00', '1969-07-20 00:00:00',
 '1969-07-21 00:00:00']
Length: 3023, dtype: datetime64[ns]
>>>
>>> space_race.values
array(['1961-04-12T00:00:00.000000000', '1961-04-13T00:00:00.000000000',
       '1961-04-14T00:00:00.000000000', ...,
       '1969-07-19T00:00:00.000000000', '1969-07-20T00:00:00.000000000',
       '1969-07-21T00:00:00.000000000'], dtype='datetime64[ns]')